FS-F03 — Evidence, Trends and Signals

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About Course

Course Code: FS-F03

Cluster: Foundations

Level: Level 100

Distinguishing evidence, trends, signals, and speculation.

Course Content

Data, Information, Evidence
The ladder from raw data to defensible evidence, and why the distinction matters for foresight.

  • Assessment Preparation

What Is a Trend?
Defining trends rigorously and separating genuine trends from noise and fashion.

Signals and Weak Signals
Detecting early indicators of change before they become established trends.

Speculation, Projection, and Extrapolation
Understanding the reasoning moves that connect present evidence to future claims.

Sources, Quality, and Bias in Evidence
Evaluating where future-relevant evidence comes from and how it can mislead.

Building an Evidence-Based Outlook
Integrating trends, signals, and reasoning into a defensible view of what may come.

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