Academic Principles

1. Research begins with a meaningful problem, not merely a fashionable topic.
2. Methodology must follow the research question.
3. Evidence must never be invented.
4. Sources must be verified.
5. Research participants must be respected.
6. Data collection requires ethical and legal consideration.
7. AI may assist research but cannot replace scholarly judgment.
8. Researchers remain accountable for all submitted work.
9. Transparency about limitations is a strength, not a weakness.
10. Academic writing must communicate an argument, not merely collect quotations.
11. Research outputs should contribute to knowledge, policy, professional practice, or public understanding.
12. Responsible scholarship requires documentation, reproducibility where appropriate, and correction when errors are identified.